Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Effect of Photodynamic Disinfection on milled acrylic flexural strength (an-in vitro study)35397297010.21608/jmr.2020.21621.1014ENEman AhmedAbdel HafezDepartment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptAmr Mohamed IsmailBadrDepartment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20191229Background: Photodynamic disinfection is a new efficient specific method of disinfection of the denture surface which should be highly polished with high mechanical properties to prevent further colonization of bacteria that may cause starting from oral stomatitis up to pneumonia. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Photodynamic disinfection on milled acrylic flexural strength after 3 years of usage. Material& method: Preparing of 2mm × 2mm × 25mm 50 samples of milled acrylic , applying of a continuous 3 days,19 hours and 15 minute of disinfection = 12 month of use (15 minutes a day) ,7 days, 14 hours and 30 minute = 24 months and finally at the end of the 11 days, 9 hours and 45 minutes day of disinfection which simulate 3 years of disinfection with photodynamic method and compare it with +ve control (1%NaCl disinfection ) and -ve control (distilled water) groups and preparing 50 sample of heat cured acrylic with the same parameters and propose them to the same conditions and comparing them to milled samples then flexural strength is tested after each interval and compared to base line specimens with no disinfection at all . Results: The mean value of each disinfectant group flexural strength show insignificant effect in flexural strength compared to other control groups. Conclusion: From the results of the current study, we found that Photodynamic disinfection can be used safely to disinfect complete dentures but further studies are required due to lack of literature about this field.Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Antimicrobial activity and Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Traditional Fermented Dairy Products40487841410.21608/jmr.2020.22931.1015ENAli F.S.Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptZayed G.Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptSaad O. A.O.Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptSalwa A. H.GharibDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt0009-0008-3678-371XJournal Article20200207One of the biggest problems for humans and animals worldwide is the harmful effects of the antibiotics, due to excessive use as a treatment for animal diseases. An alternative to overcome this problem is the use of certain growth promoters such as probiotics that have a good effect on host health and performance. Eight isolates included the following probiotic strains: <em>Lactobacillus plantarum, L. acidophilus, L.rhamnosus, L. salivarius, and L. paracasei, as well as Bifidobacterium longum, B. adolescentis, and B. breve</em> were investigated for low pH and bile salt tolerance, anti-bacterial and yeast activity using supernatant cell-free culture were assessed using agar-well diffusion method against <em>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, , Escherichia coli MC1400 Listeria ivanovii and Candida albicans.</em> Co-culture has determined the antifungal activities with Aspergillus niger, As. flavous, As. fumigatus and Penicillium chrysogenum. The antibiotic sensitivity was tested using the agar disc diffusion method. Each of the strains examined had variable antibacterial activity. All the isolates showed a variable inhibition level, as well. All of the isolates were Ciprofloxacin resistant. Additionally, the lactobacilli strains were Vancomycin-resistant, and all of the strains show intermediate Clindamycin resistance. All isolates were Penicillin, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Gentamycin, Streptomycin, Florfenicol, Chloramphenicol, and Sulfamethoxazole & Trimethoprim susceptible. Collectively, the probiotic capacity of the strains tested and the antimicrobial activity without the transfer of antibiotic resistance suggested that these strains can be used as bio-preservatives in food products and medicinal preparations.Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701PROMOTING SOCIAL VALUES IN EGYPTIAN MARKETS PLACES49657614510.21608/jmr.2020.23792.1018ENAmna Waz AmgadAlyDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptAly MohamedEl HusseinyDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20200210The Egyptian markets began to give up their social and cultural role for their society. The research aims to explore the social role and the added value of shopping performed in trade places in Egypt. Then researcher learns the points of promoting the activities associated with shopping. Markets will perform their developmental social role in compatible with the social orientation.<br /> The research followed the methodology of studying the concept of social marketing orientation. Orientation aims to support the society and create value for markets. The social trend directed the research to observe patterns of activities associated with shopping in Egypt and to study the shopper's satisfaction. Then the researcher conducted interviews and a questionnaire for a random sample of 109 Egyptian shoppers. Then the results were analyzed statistically with the SPSS program. The researcher concludes the current state of the rate of interaction, the reasons for attracting the study sample to the activities associated with the Egyptian markets, And the level of individual satisfaction with the Egyptian market.<br /> The research conducted that the social role in the Egyptian market is weak now, and suggested points that support the social orientation. The research recommends to correct the social orientation path of urban markets, and to create visible spaces in the markets. The spaces allow cultural development interaction between individuals. An organized plan must be devised for the patterns of development activities that suit the target marketer. Activity contributes to directing the members of society according to the needs of their country.Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Analyzing affordable housing programs and projects in Egypt in the light of the positives of global experiences66837958210.21608/jmr.2020.23593.1020ENAshraf AboloyounAbdel RaheemDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptUsama HelmyMohamedDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptOmnia NagyAbdel HafezDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Fine Arts, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20200216The concept of housing in many countries has become more comprehensive than many simple considerations by which the house itself can be defined.<br /> The concept has expanded to include the possibility of achieving housing for economic, social and urban appropriateness, although housing from the point of view of some people see housing as a product or commodity that has material characteristics in terms of price and construction costs only, but the goal of housing projects should not provide housing only, it must meet multiple economic, social and urban needs[ ], as housing is a system in which the economic, social, urban, organizational, administrative, design and planning aspects are integrated, and any deficiency in one of them leads to a defect in the plans and projects raised to solve this problem.<br /> It is worth noting that housing policies used in some countries, including Egypt, do not cover some or all of the previous aspects, which entails the emergence of many housing problems in each of them, especially in the field of affordable housing projects, and then many countries of the world have developed various plans and projects to subside and funding for low-income and poor families to obtain adequate shelter is at its lowest levelsMinia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Characteristics’ Analysis of Urban System in Northern Upper Egypt Region (NUE) Size Distribution Analysis of Urban Settlements; 1976~201684968026710.21608/jmr.2020.22989.1016ENAshraf Abo LoyounAbdel RaheamDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptUsama HelmyMohamedDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptAmany NagyAbd ElhafezDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptAsmaa AhmedOsmanDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20200126Characteristics of urban system of regional structure are: size of settlements, their spatial distribution, and their functions. Despite rapid development in Egypt, suffecient studies of the development patterns of its territories have not been sufficiently achieved or covered. Like other regions of the Nile valley in Egypt, Northern Upper Egypt region (NUE) was characterized by its natural, social, and economic homogeneity for long periods of time. But the accelerated development that has given rise to new axes of movement has revealed imbalances in a pattern that has not been analitacally studied to help guide current and future development processes. Thus, this research focuses on analyzing size distribution (as the most important element of the structure). The aim of this paper, therefore, is to analyse the size distribution of urban system in the northern oblasts in terms of: the change in the size, proportions and growth rates of urban agglomerations over the past 40 years, the change in their grade and size distribution, followed by a change in their urban dominance. To achieve this, the paper reviews a theoretical review of methods for analysing urban styles/systems size distribution. The paper then examines an analysis of the size distribution of northern regions using some theoretical and applied measures (Primate City law, Size-Rank Distribution, Urban Primacy Index). The research concludes a set of findings and recommendations that may help to understand the size distribution of the northern region as one of its most important characteristics.Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Using SCAMPER Strategy For Developing Third Year English Majors’ Creative Writing Skills971048652710.21608/jmr.2020.23851.1019ENAl-Shimaa MokhtarSayedDepartment of English, Faculty of Education, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptKawther I. M.KotbDepartment of English, Faculty of Education, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptGamal MohamedShehataDepartment of English, Faculty of Education, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20200219Abstract<br /> The present study tried to investigate the effect of using the strategy of Substituting, Combining, Adapting, Putting it in other uses, Eliminating, Revising (SCAMPER) on developing third-year English majors’ creative writing skills. The study used one group (pre-test and post-test design). Instruments of the study were: a program based on SCAMPER strategy, a creative writing skills test, and a performance rubric for evaluating students’ creative writing. Participants of the study were ninety students from third-year English majors, Faculty of Education, Minia University. They were taught the program based on SCAMPER. The results of the study reveal that there was a significant statistical difference favoring the post-performance of the creative writing skills test. It was found that SCAMPER strategy developed students’ creative writing skills. Findings were discussed. The researcher recommended that EFL teachers at the Ministry of Education should be trained to use SCAMPER in teaching all the language skills. Suggestions for further research were also presented.Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Environmental monitoring and risk assessment of the soil pollution around two cement factories in EL-Minia Governorate, Egypt1051148652810.21608/jmr.2020.26147.1022ENHassan HassanDepartment of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptMahmoud MorsyDepartment of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptGamal El-DawwyDepartment of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptKawther HaronMohammedDepartment of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20200319Cement Kiln Dust (CKD), a by-product dust, is generated in large quantities during the manufacture of the cement. The fine particles of dust can be inhaled along with air and cause pollution to the soil around the cement factories. El-Minia Governorate, Egypt contains two cement factories. The first produces the white cement and the second produces the black cement. To environmentally monitor the soil pollution in the two studied areas, soil sampling was carried out in the Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western directions around each cement factory. Soil samples were taken at six different monitoring distances away from each cement factory which are: 50m, 100m, 500m, 1km, 5km, and 10km. The values of EC, PH, Pb, Ni, and Cd of each site of the studied four directions around the two cement factories were decreased by increasing the monitoring distance from 50m up to 10km away from each studied cement factory. The electrical conductivity values of the top soil of the monitoring points were ranged between non-saline and very slightly saline. The PH values of the top soil of the monitoring points were ranged between neutral and moderately alkaline. The values of lead, nickel, and cadmium of the top soil of the monitoring points were below the allowable concentrations in the arable soil. This indicated that concentration of lead, nickel, and cadmium in the top soil around the two cement factories still in a safe level.Minia UniversityJournal of Modern Research2636-39092220200701Studies of Molecular Variation Sources Using RAPD and SSR Markers in Two Garlic Clones1151228741210.21608/jmr.2020.24889.1021ENGehan M.AnwarDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt0000-0002-9997-1039Mohamad A-H.MahmoudDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptAbdeltawab M.AtaDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptRagab A-K.RagabDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptHanaa S. H.BakryDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptJournal Article20200229The present work aimed at study genetic diversity and the sources of molecular variation between the individual cloves of two garlic clones with different molecular markers, RAPD and SSR. Three bulbs of two garlic clones (Egaseed1 and Balady) were germinated (three individual cloves of each bulb). The total genomic DNA was extracted from the young leaves. Ten RAPD and fifteen SSR primers were used and the data were statistically analyzed. Fifty-seven bands (including 4 unique and 53 polymorphic) were totally generated and there were no monomorphic bands from ten RAPD primers. Similarly, no unique bands were generated by seven primers, whereas other produced only one unique band of 433 and 417 bp, respectively. Two unique bands of 124 and 188 bp were detected with K10 RAPD primer in Egaseed1 clone. Twelve SSR primers produced 45 DNA fragments. Out of them, 12 were monomorphic and the remaining were polymorphic. Different molecular markers could be used to evaluate genetic diversity and confirm the molecular differences between the cloves derived from the same bulb and the differentiated nature of garlic. In addition, it defines the importance of using molecular markers to evaluate different garlic clones.